Methylxanthines are a group of naturally occurring substances found in coffee, tea, guarana and chocolate for example. They have a broad spectrum of pharmacological and energetic effects on the central nervous, cardiovascular, renal, digestive and immunological systems, as well as on the metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids. Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine), and theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine) are the most commonly available methylxanthines from natural sources.
Foods and drinks containing methylxanthines have been consumed since ancient times, probably dating back to the Paleolithic period with specific pharmacological uses attributed to them. They are known to be responsible for many health benefits, particularly in the prevention of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the positive role of methylxanthines in metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and weight gain, highlighting promising strategies that modulate and prevent dysfunctions of gastrointestinal metabolism.
Among the main species for obtaining methylxanthines, the most notable are guarana (Paullinia cupana), yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis), coffee (Coffea sp.), cacao (Theobroma cacao) and Indian tea (Camelia sinensis).
Guarana seed, which is native to the Amazon rainforest, and yerba mate, native to the southern corner of South America, contain caffeine, and traces of theophylline and theobromine. Coffee, on the other hand, may contain varying amounts of caffeine depending on the roasting process of the commercially available products.
Verum Ingredients offers a portfolio of products rich in methylxanthines such as guarana, yerba mate and coffee fruit. Contact one of our consultants today to learn more about our products.
